Pontedera via savonarola biography
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VII. The Tuscan Communes and Genoa
in the Time of Barbarossa.
In 1162-63 Frederick Barbarossa, perceiving the authority of his uncle Guelph or Welf to be illusory, despatched the Archbishop Reinhold, of Cologne, to Tuscany, with orders to restore the imperial supremacy upon a new basis. Barbarossa's object, as is well known, was to recover the Regalia and other privileges which his predecessors, in their struggles with the Church or their acquiescence in the status quo had either been deprived of or had allowed to lapse. How these views involved Frederick in a cruel war upon the Lombard towns, and led eventually to the establishment of German Podestas as his representatives, are facts which belong to the commonplaces of history.
Frederick saw that the feudal rule was a thing of the past, and sought by fresh means to re-establish the authority which he conceived himself, in his imperial capacity, to possess. He partially succeeded, only eventually to fail, and his concessi
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Brief Overview of Tuscany's History
Brief Overview of Tuscany's History
Tuscany was the home nation of the Etruscans, which was annexed by Rome in 351 BC. After the fall of the Roman empire, the distrikt, which became known as Tuscany (Toscana in Italian) came beneath the rule of a succession of rulers (Herulians, Ostrogoths, etc.) and emerged as a political entity with its own rulers. By the twelfth century, the Tuscan cities were gradually gaining their independence as republics and forcing the nobility to live in the cities. bygd the high Middle Ages, the cities of Pisa, Siena, Arezzo, Pistoia, Lucca, and especially Florence had become wealthy because of textile manufacture, trade, banking, and agriculture. There were many wars between the city states to conquer territory and power. Gradually, Florence came to overshadow and conquer all other cities in the region.
The Renaissance and Reign of the Medici
After several experiments with representative government, Flor
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Tuscany
Region of Italy
This article is about the Italian region. For various medieval states, see Duchy of Tuscany. For other uses, see Tuscany (disambiguation).
Region in Italy
Tuscany (TUSK-ə-nee; Italian: Toscana, Italian:[tosˈkaːna]) is a region in central Italy with an area of about 23,000 square kilometres (8,900 square miles) and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants. The regional capital is Florence (Firenze).
Tuscany is known for its landscapes, history, artistic legacy, and its influence on high culture. It is regarded as the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance[5] and of the foundations of the Italian language. The prestige established by the Tuscan dialect's use in literature by Dante Alighieri, Petrarch, Giovanni Boccaccio, Niccolò Machiavelli and Francesco Guicciardini led to its subsequent elaboration as the language of culture throughout Italy.[6] It has been home to many figures influential in the history of art